With the development of high-density integrated chips, low-k dielectric materials are used in the back end of line (BEOL) to reduce signal delay.However, due to the application of fine-pitch packages with high-hardness copper pillars, BEOL is susceptible to chip package interaction (CPI), which leads to reliability issues such as the delamination o
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of hedging strategies in the Chinese 50ETF options market, emphasizing dynamic hellfire sloe gin hedging, Value at Risk (VaR), and machine learning-based approaches.Each strategy is meticulously evaluated against various market conditions, revealing distinct strengths and weaknesses.Dynamic hedging prove
Abstract Background Normal mode analysis (NMA) has become the method of choice to investigate the slowest motions in macromolecular systems.NMA is especially useful for large biomolecular assemblies, such as transmembrane channels or virus capsids.NMA relies on the hypothesis that the vibrational normal modes having the lowest frequencies (also nam
Spiking neural network (SNN) is considered to be the brain-like model that best conforms to the biological mechanism of the brain.Due to the non-differentiability of the spike, the training method of SNNs is still incomplete.This paper proposes a supervised learning method for SNNs based on associative learning: ALSA.The method is based on the asso